Valve-grinding tool



March 16 1926.

G. F. FERRIS VALVE GRINDING T00.

Filed Feb. 18, 1922 0 T m E W! M, E 34 F Q .m 4 1. wk

Patented Mar. 16, 1926.

GEORGE F. FERRIS, OF GRAND FORKS, NORTH DAKOTA.

vnrivnenrnnms TOOL.

Application filed February 18, 1922. Serial No. 537,575.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, GEORGE F. Fnnnrs, a citizen of the United States, residing at Grand Forks, in the county of Grand Forks and State of North Dakota, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Valve-Grinding Tools, of which the following is a specification.

This invention relates to improvements in valve grinding tools.

The primary object of the invention is the provision of a valve grinding tool adapted for specific use in connection with the poppet valves and their seats, of internal combustion engines, in order to provide an accu rate surface engagement between the valve and its seat.

An important object of the invention is the provision of a valve grinding tool which is so constructed as to permit oscillative rotations of the valve in different directions for different degrees of angular travel.

A further object of the invention is the provision of an improved valve grinding tool, preferably for manual operation, in cluding a novel operating shaft and hand operating mechanism reciprocable thereon, whereby rotation ofthe shaft may be effected in positive manner to oscillate the same in forward and reverse directions.

Other objects and advantages will be apparent during the course of the following detailed description.

In the drawing. wherein similar reference characters designate corresponding parts throughout the several views.

Figure 1. is a cross sectional view of theimproved valve grinding tool showing cooperating details thereof.

Figure 2 is a transverse cross sectional view taken on the line 2.2 of Figure 1.

Figure'S is a cross sectional view taken on the line 33 of Figure 1.

Figure 4 is a cross sectional view taken on the line l4 of Figure 1.

Figures 5 and 6 are diagrammatic illustrations of a detail of the improved valve grinding tool, showing the same in a develp d f rm.

Figure 7 is a side elevation of a detail of the improved valve grinding tool.

FigureS is a cross section of the detail illustrated in Figure 7 In the drawing, wherein for the purpose 5 of illustration is shown a preferred embodiment of my invention, the letter A designates the improved valve grinding tool including the supporting body portion B, and operating mechanism C reciprocably mounted thereon.

It is accepted practice in grinding of valves that the same be frictionally ground upon its seat, by alternately rotating the same in different directions over paths of varying angular travel. This relative move ment of the abutting surfaces of the valve member and its seat tends to eradicate irregularities and pits found therein incident to continuous operation of the valve. The improved valve grinding tool which will be hereinafter described in detail, embodies this principle of valve grinding, which is the most accurate and correct and requires that the most active grinding rotary movement of angular travel of the valve member upon its seat be less than the reverse rotary movement. The improved valve grinding tool effects this difference in travel in a novel and positive manner. I p

The body supporting portion B of the improved valve grinding tool A preferably comprises a shaft 11, hand engaging portion 12; and article engaging or bit apparatus 13. The shaft 11 is preferably of a high grade of steel and provided with a pairof grooves 14 and 15 spirally formed therein from" the upper shoulder 16 provided upon the shaft 11 by a reduced shank portion 17 extending axially upward therefrom. 'The grooves 14 and 15 while spiralled in the same general direction circumferentially of the shaft 11-are of different pitch the groove 14 preferably defining the groove of great est pitch. 9 The hand engaging portion 12. of the tool body B, is preferably mountediipon' the re duced sl1ank'17 of the shaft 11, including the ball bearing cup '19 seated upon the. shoulder 16 and receiving a plur y 1.

anti-friction elements therein. A bearing piece 21 is provided about the shank portion .17 having the lower reduced end 22 thereof resting against a washer 23, which is disposed immediately within the cup 19 and upon the anti-friction elements 20 there in. The upper end 2% of the bearing part 21 flanged, and counter-sunk in the hand grip being detachably secured thereto as by screw elements 26. It is preferred, that a nut 27 be provided upon the upper edge of the reduced shank 17 and in screw threaded engagement therewith, whereby the bearing portion 21 is secured to the shaft 11. The hand engaglng head is recessed as at 29 to receive the adjusting nut 27. Thus, when an operator grasps the hand engaging head 25, the shaft 11 may easily rotate, not- .vithstanding a firm grip by the operator upon the swivel portion 12 of the in'iproved tool.

The article engaging end 13 of the tool portion 13 preferably comprises a shank 30 having a reduced upwardly extending screw threaded end 31 thereon for adjustment in a socket 82 extending inwardly in axial manner upon the lower end of the shaft 11. This shank portion '30 is provided in several different lengths, which may be selectively used to conform to the valve arrangement which it is desired to grind. It is preferred that the lower end of the shank 30 be axially slotted inwardly, whereby a reversible valve engaging blade or element 3 1 may be inserted therein, and retained in firm position by a cotter pin 35 extending transversely through the bifurcated end of the shank 30. Various valves are provided with different types of bit engaging sockets. One type is provided with the screw head slot, while another type is provided with spanner sockets. Thus, it is desired that one-end 236 of the valve engaging member be of chisel blade forn'iation tapering outwardly to a dull edge. The opposite end of the reversible valve engaging member 34; may be provided with the depending lugs 37, in spanner wrench format i on.

The operating mechanism C is preferably provided for cooperation with the grooves l-Zl: and 15 of the shaft- 11, in order to effect the variable angular rotations of the latter, in a i'nanner which will now be described in detail. A casing this provided asa part of the mechanism C- having the outer surface 4-1 thereof suitably shaped to conform to the palm of a users hand. The interior of the casing s0 is axially recessedin such manner as to n'o'vide for the reception of a clutch mechanism 43 in the upper end of the casing 40, facing the hand engaging swivel head 12, and a clutch mechanism 44-. in the lower end of the casing 1 1, and facing toward the bit end 13 ofthe tool A. The plutchmechanisms ft; and 44; ar-eprovided for respective cooperation in the slots 1 1 and 15 of the shaft 11, so that a downward movement of the operating mechanism 0 upon the shaft 11 will effect a rotation of the shaft 11, say to the left; and the upward sliding of the operating mechanism B upon the shaft 11 effecting a right hand rotation of the shaft 11, travelling over a greater angular distance than that which the same travels for downward sliding of the operating mechanism C.

Each of the clutch mechanisms 43 and +1 is provided with a jaw portion secured as by screw elements -16 to the outer ends of the casing so that an annular series of teeth 48 extends inwardly of the passageway 42 in the casing 10. As can readily be seen from Figure 1 of the drawing, the teeth 18 of the clutch device 4C3 extend downwardly into the casing t1, and in contradistinction to the teeth 18 of the clutch mechanism 4-4- which extend upwardly into said casing. A sliding member 4-9 is provided as a part of each clutch mechanisn'i t3 and 14, and including a sleeve 50 having teeth 51 annularly formed upon an end thereof and adapted for cooperation with the series of teeth 48 above described. l t is preferred that these portions 4-9 of the clutch mechanism which may be appropriately termed movable jaws, are slidably mounted upon the shaft 11, and relatively movable within the casing :40 so that the clutch mechanisms 48 and 4.14: may be selectively locked to effect a desired rotation of the shaft 11. In order to effect an accurate working of the mechanism within the operating device C, it preferred that the sliding jarws 19 be maintained in engagement with the shaft 11 with a certain amount of friction. To this end, spring arms and 58 have been provided, extending from a reduced portion 54 of the sleeve 50, and having segmental shaft gripping shoes 56 upon their free ends, co'ncavely facing in ring like manner, The circumferential flange 57 is provided as a part of each of the sliding jaws i9, circumferentially extending from the sleeve portion 50, and in the case of the clutch mechanism 4:3 and 44, said flanges being provided for engagement against shoulders 50 and ()0 formed inwardly from the upper and lower ends respectively of the casing 40.

it is prefi-ured that the sleeve portions 50 and 54; of the sliding jaw 49 of the upper clutch. mechanism 423 have a pair of pins (31. therein, which extendinto the groove 14: in shaft 11. Similarly, the lower slidingjaw 49 of the clutch mechanism H is provided with a pair of pins (32. which ext-end. into the spiral groove 15 of the shaft 11.-

In oper :ing the device, the user generally grasps the head mechanism 12 ofthe improved tool A .in the right hand, and engages the operatmg 111 5l1t111$11'1 '0 in "the other hand. Assuming the reciprocating mechanism C to be upon the upper end of the shaft 11, adjacent the swivel portion 12 thereof, as is illustrated in Figure 1, by a dowmvard movement of the same upon the shaft 11, the clutch mechanism 43 will become locked, by reason of the fact that the teeth 48 of the fixed aw portion 45 will engage the teeth 11 of the sliding portion 49 thereof, thus preventing the relative rotation of the jaw portions 45 and 49 of said clutch mechanism 43. The resultant effect of a downward movement of the operating device C will be to impart a rotary movement to the shaft 11, as defined by cooperation of the pins 1 in the shaft groove 14. This downward movement of. the mechanism C will likewise cause a release of the jaws 45 and 49 forming the lower clutch mechanism 44. This operation is obvious, since as above described, the sliding jaw 49 is maintained in engagement with the shaft 11 with more or less friction, and as downv: rd movement is iniiparted to the device C, the casing 40 will move relative to the sliding portion of said lower clutch mechanism 44 until the flange 57 engages the lower shoulder 60. As can readily be seen from Figure 1 of the drawings, this operation will cause a release of the jaws 45 and 49 of the lower clutch mechanism 44, and during downward movement of the operating mechanism C, the jaw portion 49 will rotate within the casing 40.

During upward movement of the operating mechanism C, the clutch mechanism 43 is automatically unlocked and the lower clutch mechanism 44 becomes locked. This is readily obvious, and the jaw portions 45 and 49 of the lower clutch mechanism 44 being in engagement, and the pins 62 of said lower clutch mechanism 44 engaging in the groove 15 will cause a rotation of the shaft 11, directly opposite to the rotary movement of said shaft 11 during downward movement of said mechanism C.

Various ratios between the grooves 14 and 17 can of course, be provided upon the shaft 11. For practical purposes, it has been found that the groove 14 may he spiralled upon the shaft 11 so as to be positioned thereon for one complete circun'iference about the shaft '11 in twelve inches of the same extending longitudinally of said shaft 11. On the other hand, the groove 15 is less steep than the groove 14 and is spirally positioned upon the shaft '11 for one complete circumference in eight inches ofthe same extending longitiulinally of the shaft-11. Thus, the grooves 14 and 15 bear a fixed ratio to each other of en asement of the top of the upper jaw 45- aga nst the lower su face of the ball bearing cup 19 and limited in its downward movement bythe engagement of the lower fixed jaw 45 engaging againsta pin 65, which eX tends.diametricaily through the shaft 11 and projects from the side thereof.

Assuming that the effective travel of the operating mechanism G is six inches longitudinally of the shaft 11 during downward movement of the mechanism C upon, the shaft 11, whereby the pin 61 of the lock clutch mechanism 43 will travel for siX inches in its groove 14. Since the pitch of the spiral groove is one circumference in twelve inches, it is obvious that a six inch travel of the mechanism C will effect a one half circumferential rotation of the shaft 11, j

or through 180." The return movement of the mechanism C, as above described will lock the lowerclutch mechanism 44 and the pins 62 will travel in their groove 15 for six inches--longitudinally of theshaft 11. As the pitch of the groove 15. is one circumferential winding in eight inches longitudinally of the shaft 11, it is obvious that a six inch travel will result in a movement of the shaft through 270, or for a three qua ter circumferential movement. Thus, the down movement of the mechanism C rotates the improved valve grinding tool A through a less angular movement than the opposite rotary movement effected by linear movement of the mechanism C upwardly upon the shaft 11.

The outer surface or circumference of the shaft 11 has been shown in diagrammatic or developed form in Figures 5 and f3, and whercon are respectively shown the grooves 14 and 15' and their relative inclination or pitch; The distance (has indicated in Fig ure 5, is that distance which the pins 61 of the clutch mechanism 43 will travel in the groove 14, as the operating mechanism C is moved,downwardly in order to effect arotation of the shaft 11, which may be appropriately designated by the character a. As is indicated in Figure 6, the pins 62 of the clutch mechanism 44 will travel for the distance 7) which is the same distance as the length defined by letter a. Due to the'variation in pitches of the grooves 14 and 15, it can readily be seen that travel of the mechanism C upwardly in the groove 15 will effect an opposite rotary travel from that above described, which may be appropriately represented in Figure 6 by character 7;. Thus it can readily be seen that the angular movement of the shaft 11 effected by a linear movement of the mechanism C downwardly ,upon the shaft 11 will be less than the an-- gularmovement of the shaft-11 in opposite direction to the prior angular moven'ient, and whieh'large-r angular movement iseffected by upward movement of the operating-meehanisn C upon the shaft- 11.

y pitch. ratio at the g o es 1% nti la clutch mechanisn'is f3 and l4;

may he provided in the shaft 11, and if desired, diametrically opposite spiral grooves of similar formation may be provided for each of the clutch mechanisms 13 and 44, since it is thought that less binding will result with such arrange-ment. Spirally formed threads of different pitch may be provided upon the shaft 11 in lieu of the grooves 1+1: and 15, which might be constructed to operate effectively with the It is to be clearly understood that the principle of this invention conteniplates the provision of spiral grooves or threads, or any similar arrangement to effect oscillatory movementof the shaft 11 over varying paths of travel.

From the foregoing, it can be seen that a device for valve grinding has been provided which is positive and effective in securing the desired movements for valve grinding operations. The Working of the operating means C upon the shaft 11 does not contemplate the provision of a lost motion to effect the desired result, namely the oscillation of the shaft 11 over varying angular movements, since any linear n'iovement of the means C on the shaft 11 will produce a rotary movement of the shaft 11 according to the direction in which the means C is being moved longitudinally of the shaft 11.

Various changes in the shape, size and arran gement of parts may be made to the form of the improved valve grinding tool, without departing from the spirit of the invention or the scope of the claims.

I claim:

1. In a grinding tool for producing reverse rotary motions, a shaft having grooves provided therein of different pitches, and a handle mechanism reciprocably mounted on said shaft including independent clutch n'icchanisms slidable upon the shaft engaging in different grooves of the same, whereby upon reciprocation of the handle mechanism, the clutch mechanisms will automatically engage and disengage to cooperate with the grooves in said shaft to effect rotary movement of the shaft in different directions at different speed ratios.

In a grinding tool, a shaft having grooves spirally positioned thereon of different pitches, and reciprocating means cooperating with said shaft grooves and adapted for engagement in one of them to impart rotary movement to the shaft during linear movement of the reciprocating means in one direction, and adapted for automatic engagement in a second groove to impart rotary movement to the shaft in an opposite direction during linear travel of the reciprocatin means in a linear direction opposite to said first mentioned linear direction.

3.111 a grinding tool for producing reverse rotary motions, a shaft having a plurality of grooves therein of different pitches, and a handle mechanism reciprocably mounted upon said shaft, including a casing and a pair of clutch members slidably cooperating in said casing, each including pins projecting into different grooves of the shaft, said handle mechanism when moved in one direction longitudinally of the shaft adapted to have one clutch me *hanism held in locked manner with the handle mecha nism to impart rotary movement to the shaft, and when moved in an opposite direction longitudinally of the shaft, adapted to have the other clutch mechanism locked relatively within the handle mechanism to impart opposite rotary movement to the shaft, and wherelrv the opposite rotary movements of the shaft. will is of unequal angular travel.

4t. In a grinding tool for producing reverse rotary motions, a shaft having a plurality of grooves therein of different pitches, a hand engaging member swivelly mounted upon one end of said shaft, a bit element mounted on the other end of said shaft. and a handle mechanism including a pair of clutch devices mounted in the opposite ends thereof slidably mounted upon said shaft, each of said clutch devices having pins projecting into a spiral groove of said shaft, so that when said hand mechanism is reciprocated on the shaft in one direction, one of said clutch mechanisms will be locked with the handle mechanism and the other clutch mechanism automatically disengaged with the handle mechanism to effect rotary movement of the shaft in one direction, said handle mechanism when moved longitudinally of the shaft in a second direction adapted for having said clutch mechanisms automatically shift to effect a rotary movement of the shaft in opposite direction.

5. In a grinding tool for producing reverse rotary motions, the combination of a shaft having a plurality of grooves spirally positioned therein at different inclinations, a hand engaging operating mechanism reciprocably mounted on said shaft including an outer casing having fixed jaws positioned upon the :upper and lower ends thereof, slid ing jaws mounted in said casing for cooperation with the fixed jaws, and pins carried by said sliding jaws engaging in different spiral grooves.

6. A valve grinding tool comprising a shafthaving a pair of grooves spirally positioned thereonat different pitches, and an operating mechanism slidable longitudinah ly of-the shaft, including independent mechanisms for cooperative association in the grooves of said shaft, whereby during downward movement. of the operating mechanisn'i upon the shaft, the same will impart a rotaryinoven'ient to the latter of less angular travel than the rotary movement imparted to the shaft by upward movement of the operating mechanism upon the shaft.

7. In a grinding tool for producing reverse rotary motions a shaft having a pair of spiral grooves longitudinally disposed therein in adjacent relation and at different pitches, and means reciprocable on the shaft adapted when moved in one direction on the shaft to engage in one of said grooves for imparting rotation to the shaft, and moved on the shaft in an opposite direction adapted to slidably engage in the other groove to impart rotation to the shaft in an opposite direetion, whereby upon reciprocation of the means for the same length on said shaft in opposite direction said shaft Will have imparted thereto diiierent degrees of rotation in opposite directions.

GEORGE F. resins. 

